B.Lost
C.Losing
D.Because of losing
(1997上海卷)
分析:答案是C。本题的考点为简单句:--her new bicycle made her soupset.命题者将该句略为省略句,将made Mary so upset在答语中省略但在问句中体现。经过分析不难发现,该空格应填主语,应由动名词担当。
例11
It was only with the help of the local guide______.
A.was the mountain climber rescued
B.that the mountain climber was rescued
C.when the mountain climber was rescued
D.then the mountain climber was rescued
(2004春上海卷)
分析:答案是B。本题考点为简单句The mountain climber was rescued only with the help of the local guide.命题者将该句改为强调句型,被强调的部分为介词短语only with the help of the local guide。
-不少单项选择题题干结构和备选答案迷惑性强,他们以似曾相识的题干易使考生受思维定势影响而迅速做出错误判断。解题时应排除思维定势干扰,仔细分析每个被自己排除的答案的理由,同时认真分析似曾相识的题干是否有什么变化并尽可能弄清来龙去脉,从而成功破题。
例12
The country life he was used to______greatly since 1992.
(2005山东卷)
A.change
B.has changed
C.changing
D.have changed
分析:答案是B。分析语境和句子结构可知,he was used to为定语从句,修饰先行词the country life。此空格应填谓语动词。Since 1992为现在完成时的标志,因此该空格应填has changed。考生易受he was used to的影响而误选C。
例13
Mr.Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to______some schools for poor children.
A.setup
B.setting up
C.have set up
D.having set up
分析:答案是B。考生可能会抓住“he had to”而选择A,因为他们对had to do something的结构太熟悉了。其实,句中had to与set up并不构成搭配,因为he had为定语从句修饰先行词all,setup与devote all … to构成搭配,即devote all to setting up(to为介词),所以答案是B。
例14
--Who is Jerry cooper?
--____?I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.
A.Don’t you meet him yet
B.Hadn’t you met him yet
C.Didn’t you meet him yet
D.Haven’t you met him yet
(NMET1997)
分析:答案是D。读完原句不难理解答语应用完成时态表示“你还没有见过他吗?”到底用现在完成时还是过去完成时?不少考生肯定会用标准对照时间点来区别,于是便从选项中找到“saw”并作为标准对照时间点来使用过去完成时,相对于过去某一时刻已经完成的动作,其实该句为对话题,其标准对照时间点应为现在,因此该空应用现在完成时。
例15
As we joined the big crowd,I got_______from my friends.
A.separated
B.spared
C.lost
D.missed
(NMET2001)
分析:答案是A。不少考生可能抓住空格前面的got而选择C,因为在他们的记忆中,能和get构成短语的只有get lost(迷路),如果将got改为was,选择答案A的可能性大大增加,因为一方面它构成了正确的语法结构———被动语态,另一方面,这样选也符合语境:当我们加入人群时,我和我的朋友分开了。其实本题改变之处在于将be done换成了get done来构成被动语态,这样A,B,C,D四个选项从语法结构上都讲得通,因为它们都构成了被动语态,但结合语境只能选A,表示“加入人群后,我和朋友分开”。
张彦军,河北辛集中学高级教师,英语教研组长。 |